Objective. Resveratrol is well-known for its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant effects on several diseases. We investigated whether dietary supplementation with resveratrol may suppress joint inflammation and destruction in a mouse model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Methods. Mice were randomly divided into two groups; CIA mice with normal diet-fed and CIA mice fed a 0.05% resveratrol diet. The effect of resveratrol on arthritis was assessed by clinical scoring system. The plain radiographs of paws were obtained to evaluate the effects on preventing bone destruction. Joint inflammation, cartilage damage, and osteoclastic bone resorption were checked by staining with H&E, Safranin-O, and tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). Levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were checked by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The level of expression of nuclear factor (NF)-κB was measured by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Results. Dietary supplementation with resveratrol led to mitigated severity of arthritis compared to the normal diet group (6.7±0.8 vs. 2.7±0.6, p＜0.01). Resveratrol-fed mice showed decreased bone destruction on radiograph (3.4±0.3 vs. 2.0±0.2, p＜0.01), and showed significantly inhibited pathological changes (inflammation 2.0±0.3 vs.3.2±0.2, p＜0.01; cartilage damage 1.5±0.3 vs. 3.2±0.2, p＜0.01; pannus formation 1.4±0.3 vs. 3.0±0.3, p＜0.01; erosion; 1.4±0.2 vs. 3.3±0.3, p＜0.01). Generation of TRAP-positive osteoclasts was inhibited in the resveratrol-fed mice (55.3±12.7 vs. 3.27±0.8, p＜0.01). Resveratrol-fed mice showed decreased levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6,monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, and the soluble receptor activator of NF-κB ligand in joint tissues and sera. Expression of NF-κB, measured by EMSA, was decreased in resveratrol-fed mice. Conclusion. Dietary supplementation with resveratrol mitigates inflammation and bone destruction in CIA mice. (J Rheum Dis 2015;22:93-101)

Keywords: Collagen-induced arthritis, Resveratrol, Rheumatoid arthritis